HomeMy WebLinkAbout19 Water Quality RegulationsTo:
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Date:
Subject:
enda Item #
19
Board of Directors
Brian Wright
May 04, 2016
Review of Water Quality Regulations Associated with Lead, Copper
and Radon
1. WHY THIS MATTER IS BEFORE THE BOARD
This workshop is to review Federal and State drinking water regulations related to the
Lead and Copper Monitoring Rule and the monitoring of radiological contaminants
found in groundwater.
2. HISTORY
The Truckee Donner Public Utility District delivers drinking water to roughly 13,000
customer service connections throughout the Town of Truckee, the community of
Hirschdale, and some of the adjacent unincorporated areas. The District utilizes local
groundwater resources, pumped from 12 strategically located deep groundwater wells,
in meeting the service area's daily and summer peak demands. In addition to the
maintenance and operation of the wells, the District maintains compliance with state
and federal drinking water regulations through regularly scheduled groundwater
monitoring and sampling plans. Included in the District's water quality monitoring plan
are the water quality sampling requirements prescribed under the EPA's Lead and
Copper Monitoring Rule (LCMR), and the State's gross -alpha particle and
radionuclide testing.
3. NEW INFORMATION
The Lead and Copper Monitoring Rule I was established by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1991 with the goal of reducing exposures
to harmful levels of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu). According to the EPA, lead has been
known to cause damage to the brain, red blood cells and the kidney, especially in
children and pregnant women. Copper has been known to cause stomach and
intestinal distress, liver and kidney damage, and complications of Wilson Is disease in
genetically predisposed individuals. The current MCL for lead (Pb) is .015 mg/L, and
for copper is 1.3 mg/L.
Sources of lead and copper contamination in public drinking water systems can be
traced back to lead service lateral pipe materials, as well as residential plumbing that
contains copper with lead based solder. Leaching of lead and copper from residential
plumbing into drinking water is enhanced by the corrosive properties of the water, if
not properly managed.
The TDPUD water distribution system does not contain lead water service laterals that
the District's staff is aware of.
The LCMR initial sampling requirements call for lead an copper testing to be
completed every six months. Once compliance has been established, the sampling
requirements are reduced to every three years. The last sampling period for the
Truckee Main System was in 2013, where all 30 of the District's sampling locations
tested "non -detect" for lead and copper. The next round of sampling will take place in
the Summer of 2016. The last round of sampling for the Hirschdale System was in
2015, where all five sample locations tested "non -detect" for lead and copper.
The Radionuclide Rule was established by the EPA in 2000 in an effort to reduce
exposures to naturally occurring radionuclides in drinking water and the risk of cancer.
The rule establishes MCLs for combined radium-226 and radium 228, gross alpha
particle radioactivity, and beta particle and photon activity. The California Department
of Public Health (CDPH) and the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) had
previously set MCLs for uranium, strontium, radium, gross -alpha and gross -beta
particle activity, as well as tritium.
In the State of California, the Constituents of Concern (COC), for gross -alpha and
radiological testing of groundwater are uranium, radon, tritium, strontium and gross -
alpha particle activity. Here is an overview of the key points regarding radiological
compliance with potable groundwater sources:
• In the State of California, the Constituents of Concern (COC) for radionuclides
include: uranium, radon, tritium, strontium, gross -alpha and gross -beta;
• Alpha particles are a type of radiation emitted by some radionuclides.
Uranium-238, radium-226, and radon-222 are examples of alpha particle
emitters;
• The MCL for gross -alpha particle activity has been set at 15pCi/L by the EPA
and adopted by the SWRCB;
• The MCL for Radium (combined) has been set at 5pCi/L by the EPA and a
detectable reporting limit (DLR) has been set at 1 pCi/L by the SWRCB;
• Radon is a naturally occurring gas, and is a product of uranium decay. Radon
occurs in groundwater and easily transfers to the atmosphere. A radon
concentration of 10,000pCi/L in water converts to approximately 1pCi/L in air.
Radon is naturally present in environments where uranium and radium
concentrations in geologic materials are high, and tends to be abundant in
granitic terrains and certain types of sedimentary deposits;
• In the State of California there currently is no regulatory requirement for
monitoring of radon in drinking water. The EPA has established an "Advisory
MCL" for radon at 4,000pCi/L and the SWRCB has established a DLR at
100pCi/L; and
• All of the groundwater source wells within the TDPUD water utility are either
well below the DLR or "non -detect" for all radium and gross -alpha water quality
reporting standards.
4. FISCAL IMPACT
This workshop item has no direct fiscal impact. Funding for water quality compliance
testing in accordance with the Lead and Copper Rule, and the Radionuclide Rule are
included in the Board approved FY16-17 Water Operations Budget.
5. RECOMMENDATION
Receive this report and provide staff with any additional feedback.
Michael D. Holley
General Manager / Water Utility Manager